Juvenile Justice An Increasingly Complex Problem in our...

‘Juvenile Justice is an increasingly complex problem in our society’ Table of Contents: Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 Legislation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 Juveniles and the Law†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 Trends†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 Analysis of Law†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 Appendix A†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 Appendix B†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 Introduction: In Stimulus 4, a 15 year old boy has pleaded guilty to selling synthetic LSD which has resulted in another teen falling into an induced coma. The Juvenile Justice†¦show more content†¦The proportion of the juvenile population across states, including Queensland, is higher than the sentenced population. Some problems in this legislation are very crucial as they are far more important than the benefits. Custodial remand is of concern as it involves the maximum penetration into the formal justice system through the detention of youths, this detention can occur when a youth offender is still unsentenced before their innocence or guilt has been established (Adams, 1996). Throughout the process of this legislation, stakeholders are impacted dramatically. Families, offenders, victims, juveniles and the society in general are not safe as this legislation is not safe and trustworthy. Recommendations: The juvenile justice system should take into consideration to increase the provision of relevant services to young people who are in danger to being remanded in custody for child welfare reasons. The Queensland Department of Communities strengthen connections between individuals, communities and families. They should consider supporting the expansion of programs such as rehabilitiation centres which were successful in preventing young citizens with a large number of criminal risks from entering the juvenile justice system. These recommendations provide stakeholders such as, Offenders, Victims, Juveniles and the Society, a just fair and equitable outcome. Conclusion: TheShow MoreRelatedEssay on Juvenile Offenders1798 Words   |  8 Pages Children have been described as our future, our greatest resource, and our hope for a better tomorrow. For many Americans, though, children invoke fear. They represent violence, a segment of society lacking in self-control and devoid of ethics and morals, and the failure of the family to instill traditional values, top among them being the value of human life and respect for others. Fear of crime, especially random violence perpetrated by young Americans, is among the nations greatest concernsRead MoreAt Risk Youth And Afterschool Programs Recreation Programing1577 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen dismissed, on weekends, or during the summer† (Development Services Group 1). There are clear and present problems with large populations of children, youth and young adults in our communities. If we look at the ever-changing social and e-commerce climate of today’s world, we can observe that there are serious and complicated issues with these at-risk populations throughout society. According to Howard K. David, and Lorraine C. Peniston, writers for the American Institutes for Research PelavinRead MoreThe Social Phenomenon Of Female Juvenile Prostitution Essay1652 Words   |  7 Pages SAVING OUR GIRLS Nikia S. Gettridge Understanding Prostitution The social phenomenon of female juvenile prostitution is a serious problem that is difficult to understand and troublesome to acknowledge. The fact that young girls are finding their way into the complex system of prostitution is often met with disbelief (OJJDP, 2002). In order to understand prostitution, it is necessary to understand: 1. Lethal gender inequality 2. Incest and other childhood sexual assault 3Read MoreEssay on Juvenile Drug Courts1864 Words   |  8 Pagesthe Criminal Justice System and divert drug offenders from traditional punishments of probation and prison. The objective of drug courts programs is to treat the underlying problems of addiction among drug offenders and eliminate participants’ future drug use and crime. Drug courts came about as a result of the 1980’s â€Å"war on drugs† where all levels of government came together to crack down on an epidemic of crack-cocaine use that had society believing that drugs were the main problem of the criminalRead MoreMental Illnesses : A Mental Health Disorder1653 Words   |  7 Pagesserious and objective health problem has become increasingly obvious recently. In the past years, increasing numbers of children and adolescents experienced emotional disorders. The question of whom or what is responsible for this problem requires understanding the factors affecting the illness in the fields of biology, psychology, and environment. This complex combination of factors means that it s incredibly difficult to understand the causes of these disorders. The problem is not limited to developmentalRead More Juvenile Delinquency Essay1827 Words   |  8 Pages Juvenile Delinquency There is no doubt that various experts can give us many theories as to the causes of juvenile delinquency, including ones economic background, substance abuse, delinquent peer groups, repeated exposure to violence, increased availability of firearms and media violence. However, I feel that the number one cause of juvenile delinquency is the breakdown of families, including lack of parental control over children. It is ironic in America, today, one must have a drivers licenseRead MoreThe Inmate Subculture in United States Prisons: An Overview Essay1775 Words   |  8 Pagesin prison I will first have to discuss what subcultures are and major reasons that they form. First of all the term subculture in general is kind of like a small culture within and not always accepted by members of a larger one known as a society. Societies as a whole are very large and contain many individuals within them, and let us face it it is human nature to group together or congregate with individuals that have similar interests. This causes the whole to split off into smaller groups andRead MoreThe Juvenile Justice System And Public Schools2522 Words   |  11 Pagesapproaches and tools used in the modern adult criminal-justice system have begun to influence our school practices. This has created a system that removes the most vulnerable children from mainstream educational environments and puts them on a direct path toward prison. The overrepresentation of juveniles with disabilities within this system has been repeatedly demonstrated in research. National reports suggest that almost one third of students in juvenile detention and confinement facilities were receivingRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Essay1884 Words   |  8 PagesJuvenile Delinquency There is no doubt that various experts can give us many theories as to the causes of juvenile delinquency, including ones economic background, substance abuse, delinquent peer groups, repeated exposure to violence, increased availability of firearms and media violence, however, I feel that the number one cause of juvenile delinquency is the breakdown of families, including lack of parental control over children. It is ironic in America, today, one must have a drivers licenseRead MoreFactors That Can Influence Justice in Americal2533 Words   |  11 PagesFACTORS THAT CAN INFLUENCE JUSTICE IN AMERICA Ivy Tech Community College Patricia Smihter Factors That Can Influence Justice In America There are several factors that can influence justice in America. I find that you can read and look up information all day on justice in America as far back as history goes. The constitution of the United States and the Supreme Court help set laws

Cell Phones Should Not Be Banned - 1222 Words

Cell phones can definitely be educational tools in school What’s are everybody’s opinion on cell phones during school? Why should or shouldn’t they be allowed? I’ve always used mine as a helpful tool. I’ve heard many different sides of this debate, mostly they have been positive. I’ve used mine for reading a book in study hall and playing a game to benefit for a vocabulary test. Cell phones are educational tools and should not be banned. This is a debate that can go both ways. Lots of bigger schools have banned cell phones in view of the size of the school. Every school has their own rules. There are many useful goods about cell phones during school. Some students use them to read in study hall, and others use them to research in class. The Internet can be helpful in class if some schools don’t have computers for all their students. When someone is browsing on the Internet on his or her free time at the end of a class, there could be an interesting article to learn something or teachers could have students do a project on an app. If they have school work or a test to study for, learn to put it down for a while and have limits (Schulten). If some schools have a genuinely stricter cell phone policy every teacher needs to be fair about it, and treat every student the same. The teacher might have a rule where students only use it at the end of class, or only for researching during class. Students need to be respectful and put them away when the teacher is talking. For someShow MoreRelatedCell Phones Should Not Be Banned910 Words   |  4 PagesCell Phones Should be Allowed in School Seventy eight percent of 12-17 years old have cell phones as of a survey taken in 2013. Cell phones have boomed and its time to let them shine. Cell phones becoming a major part of peoples life’s. 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Although cell phones can be distracting they should be allowed in school in case of an emergency, to teach responsibility, and to help in school like homework and research. Cell phones are very helpful in emergencies. With cell phones, parents know if their children alright in an emergency. Which takes a lot of stressRead MoreCell Phones Should Not Be Banned1299 Words   |  6 PagesThe usage of a cell phone is dramatically increasing today, especially for students. 98% of parents of cell-owning teens say that a major factor why their child has a cell phone is so that they can be in touch no matter where the child is. That statement can be true, but considering that we’re living in the 21st century, do we really think that’s the biggest reason why students own cell phones, just to make calls and keep in touch with their fellow parents? Keep in mind, it’s the 2016-more advancedRead MoreCell Phones Should Not Be Banned904 Words   |  4 Pagesseeing a smart phone. 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Capital Budgeting Panasonic Manufacturing Malaysia Berhad Synopsis Accounting Essay Example For Students

Capital Budgeting Panasonic Manufacturing Malaysia Berhad Synopsis Accounting Essay Panasonic Manufacturing Malaysia Berhad is engaged in the industry and sale of electrical place contraptions, batteries and related constituents. The Company chiefly operates in Malaysia, Japan, Asia/Middle East and others. The Company holds a 40 % equity involvement in its associated company, Panasonic Malaysia Sdn. Bhd, a company incorporated in Malaysia. The chief activities of the associated company consist of the gross revenues of consumer electronic merchandises, place contraptions, batteries, office mechanization, undertaking systems and room air-conditioners under the trade name name, Panasonic. In the late 2011, the production in Panasonic works in Thailand was suspended due to deluge catastrophe experienced. Minimizing the hazard, the board member reassigning 40 % of production line from Panasonic Manufacturing Co. Ltd ( Thailand ) to Panasonic Manufacturing Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. Production of certain constituent will be shifted to Malaysia. Due to increasing of production capacity, Panasonic Manufacturing Malaysia Sdn. Bhd urged to put a set of machine for production. Outline1 Introduction2 Company BACKROUND3 Issue4 Question5 Solution:6 Depreciation ( Straight line method )7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 Cash Flow DWDAE Co. , Ltd. :16 A17 A18 A19 A20 A21 A22 A23 A24 A25 A26 A27 A28 A29 A30 A31 A32 A33 A34 A35 A36 A37 A38 A39 A40 A41 A42 A43 A44 A45 A46 A47 A48 A49 A50 A51 A52 A53 A54 A55 A56 A57 A58 A59 Interest Paid60 Income Tax61 Present Value of Net hard currency flow62 Net Present Value ( NPV ) :63 A64 A65 A66 A67 Payback Time period:68 A69 A70 A71 A72 A73 Discounted Payback Period:74 A75 A76 A77 A78 A79 Profitability Index80 A81 A82 A83 A84 Depreciation ( Straight line method ) for WCHCME CO. , LTD.85 A86 A87 A88 A89 A90 A91 A92 A93 Cash Flow WCHCME Co. , Ltd.94 A95 A96 A97 A98 A99 A100 A101 A102 A103 A104 A105 A106 A107 A108 A109 A110 A111 A112 A113 A114 A115 A116 A117 A118 A119 A120 A121 A122 A123 A124 A125 A126 A127 A128 A129 A130 A131 A132 A133 Interest Paid134 Income Tax135 Present Value of Net hard currency flow136 Net Present Value ( N PV ) :137 A138 A139 A140 A141 Payback Time period:142 A143 A144 A145 A146 A147 Discounted Payback Period:148 A149 A150 A151 A152 Profitability Index153 A154 A155 A156 A157 By all this affair, we conclude to take WCHCME CO. , LTD.. For the most match undertaking choosen. Introduction Natural catastrophe is one of unpredictable factors which affect company benefit and even company s sustainability. Most of natural catastrophes contributed some intervention in production lines of merchandises in a works, for case inundation that often occur in Thailand. It is making some jobs that drive the companies which located in the afloat country into immense losingss in every facets of concern. Panasonic Corporation is one of the companies which have suffered from this natural catastrophe. The issue and the fact that inundation is the dominant jeopardy in Thailand, with 1.5 events per twelvemonth is being concerned as serious issue to be addressed shortly by Panasonic Corporation as parent company in order to minimise the Panasonic planetary loss in the hereafter. It is accordingly will allow Panasonic keep its leading in electronics merchandises. The Board Directors come up with the thought which is reassigning the 40 % production capacity from Panasonic Manufacturing ( Thailand ) Co. , Ltd to Panasonic Manufacturing Malaysia Bhd. This new scheme is aimed to minimise the hazard of the company from the future natural catastrophe, because Malaysia is comparatively low hazard in term of natural catastrophe if compared to Thailand. Some harm on production machines and equipments in Panasonic Manufacturing ( Thailand ) Co. , Ltd as the consequence of inundation, authorities s supporting, state s good substructure and first-class quality of its human resource may act upon the determination of taking Panasonic Manufacturing Malaysia Bhd. by Panasonic Board Directors. Extra production capacity in Panasonic Manufacturing Malaysia Bhd. will take the several direction and the Board of Directors into no option except buying new machines and equipments which accordingly bare the company s capital. Therefore, some units be aftering are established to gauge the investing s demands and hazards in order to ease the board managers to bring forth a low-risk determination. Company BACKROUND In the late 1920s Matsushita Electrical Industrial Co. Ltd. was founded by Konosuke Matsushita, nowadays its called Panasonic. Panasonic is a Nipponese flag transnational electronics corporation headquartered in Kadoma, Osaka Japan. Panasonic has grown as elephantine electronic corporation alongside Sony, Toshiba and Canon. In add-on electronic, Panasonic offer non-electronic merchandises and services every bit good, such as place redevelopment and building technology. Panasonic is the universe s 5th largest telecasting maker and semiconducting material seller. The well-known recognized trade name Panasonic has a long narrative behind the popular family name and the scope of extended consumer durable goodss that carry its label stands its maker, the foundation of the trade name s success, Panasonic Manufacturing Malaysia Berhad PMMA. In Malaysia Panasonic has a long-standing presence for more than 30 old ages since it was established in 1976. Through out the old ages Panasonic has observed a Swift or advancement from its low start as a manufacturer of dry cell battery to Malaysian giant maker taking in electronic contraptions. Soon, Panasonic trade name name has emerged as one of the most welcome and sure trade name name for electrical and place contraption chosen by most Malayan families. At Panasonic, it industry, operate and present maintain a series of merchandise scope with globally competitory theoretical accounts under the Panasonic trade name name to the market, integrating new characteristics, enhanced capableness and improved quality, and every bit of import, with our first-class after-sales-services. Panasonic Malaysia Manufacturing Berhad-PMMA, was listed in KLSE on 14 December 1966. Nowadays Panasonic Malaysia Manufacturing Berhad holding RM 60,7 million paid up capital and RM 701 million turnover, and 1030 figure of employee. And the company mission to lend Malayan growing We dedicated ourselves to the development of the state and to the development of our industry. In our enterprises, we hope to better the quality of life around us. Profit entirely will non be our chief end: we will besides seek for ways to profit society ( PMMA Annual Report, 2011 ) For the 2nd back-to-back twelvemonth, the Company achieved double-digit growing in its gross and for the fiscal twelvemonth ended 31 March 2011, the Company achieved gross of RM761.4 million an addition of RM81.6 million from the old fiscal twelvemonth s gross of RM679.8 million. The higher gross stemmed chiefly from the higher export gross revenues to the Middle East part and the full impact on the transportation of industry and gross revenues of certain nutrient processor and drinker theoretical accounts from Japan to Malaysia in the fiscal twelvemonth under reappraisal. The leading gross revenues public presentation coupled with the execution of cost decrease steps, improved operational efficiencies, higher involvement income and foreign exchange addition enabled the Company to accomplish a singular combined net income before revenue enhancement of RM101.8 million for the twelvemonth ended 31 March 2011. This represents an admirable addition of 28 % or RM22.5 million against the old twelvemonth s combined net income before revenue enhancement of RM79.3 million. The Company s portion of its associated company s post-tax net income was RM8.4 million ( 2010: RM 6.8 million ) Panasonic Malaysia Sdn Bhd posted amalgamate gross of RM1.7 billion for the fiscal twelvemonth ended 31 March 2011 ; an betterment of 7.3 % compared with the old fiscal twelvemonth. The pre-tax and post-tax net incomes from its group operations were RM30.4 million ( 2010: RM23.0 million ) and RM21.1 million ( 2010: RM17.0 million ) severally With the pronounced betterment in public presentation, the Board of Directors is pleased to urge a concluding dividend of 35 cent per portion and a particular dividend of 95 cent per ordinary portion, less 25 % income revenue enhancement. This brings a entire dividend of 145 cent ( 2010: 120 cent ) per portion for the fiscal twelvemonth ended 31 March 2011. This sum represents an addition of 20.8 % from the last fiscal twelvemonth. The Board believes that the systematically high dividend payment twelvemonth after twelvemonth has garnered much involvement amongst the investing community on the portions of the Company. The portion monetary value of the Company has been lifting steadily during the fiscal twelvemonth under reappraisal shutting at RM21.50 on 31 March 2011. This rise in portion monetary value gives an impressive capital grasp to medium and long-run investors. Panasonic had unrelentingly attained a series of fabricating invention accomplishments and productiveness betterments, amongst others: Re-layout of assembly lines to increase production capacity for higher gross revenues demand. Enhancement of assorted procedures to better the end product capacity and to cut down CO2 emanation. Invention of mould plating engineering which resulted in lower care cost and better quality. Review of in-house plastic parts injection rhythm clip which resulted in large nest eggs. Application of new engineering on top of the bing know-how. Besides fabrication invention, the Company besides focused on merchandise invention on new characteristics, capableness and quality. In this context, the applied scientists from the Company s Product Development and Engineering Department had managed to develop 179 new theoretical accounts of assorted merchandises this twelvemonth. In order to better further in merchandise development, merchandise designs and degree of client satisfaction, the employees had visited the Panasonic client service subdivisions and service centres to listen to the voice of clients straight. This coaction had brought a batch of common benefits to all concerns, and enabled the squads to develop and present more competitory merchandises via client feedback. As a responsible maker, the Company undergoes regular audit to guarantee assorted quality criterions are adhered to. In the twelvemonth under reappraisal, the hearers from Panasonic Corporation, Japan Headquarter carried out rigorous audit on the Company s proficient and quality system to guarantee that it is in line with the Quality Policy of Japan Headquarters and we are pleased to inform that they were satisfied with the Company s quality systems. In recognizing that the sustainability and prosperity of the Company is extremely dependent on its employees, the Company introduced a new assessment system with bipartisan communicating, flexible working hours and offered particular inducement for employees who get cognition in adjustment, completing and injection accomplishments, Appropriate actions were besides taken to turn to concerns raised by employees via the Employee Opinion Survey. The Company will go on to keep optimal verve of the full administration by placing high possible staff and supply equal development for them to presume higher place. Hiking to Understanding EssayNet Present Value ( NPV ) Payback Period Discounted Payback Period Internal rate of return ( IRR ) and Profitability Index ( PI ) 2. Compare your consequence above an advice the board of managers of the company which of the two undertaking machine to set about. Your advice should explicate why you regard your pick as the best undertaking. Decision Solution: Pick the information to pull the hard currency flow: DWDAE CO. , LTD. WCHCME CO. , LTD. aˆ? The purchase monetary value 40 000 55 000 aˆ? Age economical machine 5 twelvemonth 5 twelvemonth aˆ? Labor costs / twelvemonth 12,000 14,000 aˆ? Cost of installing of machinery 10,000 12,000 aˆ? Care costs: First twelvemonth 4500 8800 The addition per twelvemonth 550 850 aˆ? residuary value engine ( twelvemonth 4 ) 8,000 10,000 aˆ? Receipt of hard currency: The first twelvemonth 45 000 60 000 The addition per twelvemonth 5,000 7,500 aˆ? Income revenue enhancement 30 % 30 % Depreciation ( Straight line method ) Year 0: 40,000 Year 1: ( 8,000 ) Depreciation Year 2: ( 8,000 ) Depreciation Year 3: ( 8,000 ) Depreciation Year 4: ( 8,000 ) Depreciation Balance: 8,000 ( Book Value ) RM 8,000 ( Book Value ) = RM 8,000 ( Price of machinery sold in twelvemonth 4 or Market Value ) Note = if the company may sell the machine above the monetary value value, so the net income from the sale will be capable to revenue enhancement ( Cash escape ) , but if the machine is sold below the monetary value book value, the company will acquire revenue enhancement freedom ( hard currency influx ) Undertaking DWDAE CO. , LTD A A A A Year 1 2 3 4 Depreciation of Machine/year ( 40,000/5 ) 8000 A A A A Value of machine-year 4 ( book value ) 40,000 32,000 24,000 16,000 8,000 Monetary value machinery sold in twelvemonth 4 8,000 Cash Flow DWDAE Co. , Ltd. : Undertaking DWDAE CO. , LTD A A A A Year 1 2 3 4 A A A A A A Cash Flow-Out ( RM ) A A A A A The Purchase monetary value ( Initial Outlay ) 40,000 A A A A labour Cost per twelvemonth A 12,000 12,000 12,000 12,000 Cost of installing machinery 10,000 A A A A Care Cost A 4,500 5,050 5,600 6,150 Interest paid A 2800 2400 2000 2000 Entire Cash Out Flow 50,000 19,300 19,450 19,600 20,150 A A Cash In Flow ( RM ) A A A A A Receipt of Cash A 45,000 50,000 55,000 60,000 Residual value of engine ( twelvemonth 4 ) A A A A 8,000 Entire Cash In Flow 45000 50000 55000 68000 Surplus/Deficit ( Cash in Flow- Cash escape ) -50,000 25,700 30,550 35,400 47,850 Income Tax ( 30 % ) A -7710 -9165 -10620 -14355 Taxs of the gross revenues of machine A A A A Cash Flow cyberspace ( Surplus- Income revenue enhancement ) -50,000 17,990 21,385 24,780 33,495 Interest Paid So, involvement rate of 7 % the first twelvemonth, 6 % the 2nd twelvemonth and 5 % for the 3rd and 4th old ages. Interest Paid = Interest rate per twelvemonth X purchase monetary value ( Initial Outlay ) 1st twelvemonth: 7 % x 40,000 = 2,800 2nd twelvemonth: 6 % x 40,000 = 2,400 3rd twelvemonth: 5 % x 40,000 = 2,000 4th twelvemonth: 5 % x 40,000 = 2,000 Income Tax Income revenue enhancement = per centum of income revenue enhancement ten ( Surplus Per twelvemonth ) 1st twelvemonth: 30 % x 25,700 = RM 7,710 2nd twelvemonth: 30 % x 30,550 = RM 9,165 3rd twelvemonth: 30 % x 35,400 = RM 10,620 4th twelvemonth: 30 % x 47,850 = RM 14,355 Present Value of Net hard currency flow After we get the Net hard currency flow, next we will seek for present value of each hard currency flow each twelvemonth to the present. 33,495 24,780 21,385 17,990 50,000 1st twelvemonth PV = Initial Outlay = 17,990 = 16,062.50 2nd twelvemonth PV = Initial Outlay = 21,385 = 17,047.99 3rd twelvemonth PV = Initial Outlay = 24,780 = 17,637.99 4th twelvemonth PV = Initial Outlay = 33,495 = 21,286.68 Net Present Value ( NPV ) : Undertaking DWDAE CO. , LTD A A A A Year 1 2 3 4 Net Cash Flow ( Surplus-tax ) -50,000 17,990 21,385 24,780 33,495 Present value of Net Cash Flow ( RM ) -50,000 16,062.50 17,047.99 17,637.91 21,286.68 = -50,000 + 16,062.50 + 17,047.99 + 17,637.91 + 21,286.68 = RM 22, 035 Payback Time period: Undertaking DWDAE CO. , LTD A A A A Year 1 2 3 4 Net Cash Flow ( Surplus-tax ) -50,000 17,990 21,385 24,780 33,495 Payback Period -50,000 -32,010 -10,625 14,155 A In Payback period It must be looked at the normal net hard currency flow 1st twelvemonth: -50,000 + 17,990 = -32,010 2nd twelvemonth: -32,010 + 21,385 = -10,625 3rd twelvemonth: -10, 625 + 24,780 = 14,155 ( Between twelvemonth 2 and twelvemonth 3 ) Payback period = 2 + 10,625 = 2, 6024 twelvemonth 24,780 So its 2,6024 twelvemonth Discounted Payback Period: Undertaking DWDAE CO. , LTD A A A A Year 1 2 3 4 Present value of Net Cash Flow ( RM ) -50,000 16,062.50 17,047.99 17,637.91 21,286.68 Discounted Payback Period -50,000 -33,938 -16,890 748 A In Discounted Payback period It must be looked at the Present Value of Net hard currency flow 1st twelvemonth: -50,000 + 16,062.50 = -33,938 2nd twelvemonth: -33,938 + 17,047.99 = -16,8890 3rd twelvemonth: -16,890 + 17,637.91 = 748 ( Between twelvemonth 2 and twelvemonth 3 ) Discounted Payback period = 2 + 16,890 = 2, 9576 twelvemonth 17,637.91 So its 2,9576 twelvemonth Internal Rate of Return ( IRR ) -501.1449 30 % ten 12 % 22,035 30 % Ten = -501.1449 0 X 12 % 0 22,035 30 % ten = ( ten 12 % ) A- 0.02274 0.3 ten = 0.02274 x 0.002729 0.3 + 0.002729 = 0.02274 ten + ten 0.302729 = 1.02274 ten X = 0.2959 X = 29.59 % Profitability Index Undertaking DWDAE CO. , LTD A A A A Year 1 2 3 4 Present value of Net Cash Flow ( RM ) -50,000 16,062.50 17,047.99 17,637.91 21,286.68 Profitability index: 16,062.50 + 17,047.99 + 17,637.91 + 21,286.68 = 1.4407 50,000 Depreciation ( Straight line method ) for WCHCME CO. , LTD. Year 0: 55,000 Year 1: ( 11,000 ) Depreciation Year 2: ( 11,000 ) Depreciation Year 3: ( 11,000 ) Depreciation Year 4: ( 11,000 ) Depreciation Balance: 11,000 ( Book Value ) RM 11,000 ( Book Value ) a†° RM 10,000 ( Price of machinery sold in twelvemonth 4 or Market Value ) Tax charged/ Tax exempt from gross revenues machine = ( 10,000 11,000 ) A- 30 % = -1,000 A- 30 % = 300 ( Cash influx ) Note = if the company may sell the machine above the monetary value value, so the net income from the sale will be capable to revenue enhancement ( Cash escape ) , but if the machine is sold below the monetary value book value, the company will acquire revenue enhancement freedom ( hard currency influx ) Undertaking WCHCME CO. , LTD A A A A Year 1 2 3 4 Depreciation of Machine/year 11000 A A A A Value of machine-year 4 ( book value ) 55,000 44,000 33,000 22,000 11,000 Monetary value machinery sold in twelvemonth 4 10,000 Cash Flow WCHCME Co. , Ltd. Undertaking WCHCME Co. , Ltd A A A A Year 1 2 3 4 A A Cash Flow-Out ( RM ) A A A A A The Purchase monetary value ( Initial Outlay ) 55,000 A A A A Labor Cost per twelvemonth A 14,000 14,000 14,000 14,000 Cost of installing machinery 12,000 A A A A Care Cost A 8,800 9,650 10,500 11,350 Interest paid A 3850 3300 2750 2750 Entire Cash Flow-Out 67,000 26,650 26,950 27,250 28,100 A A Cash Flow In ( RM ) A A A A A Receipt of Cash A 60,000 67,500 75,000 82,500 Residual value of engine ( twelvemonth 4 ) A A A A 10,000 Entire Cash Flow -In 60000 67500 75000 92500 Surplus/Deficit ( RM ) -67,000 33,350 40,550 47,750 64,400 income Tax ( 30 % ) A -10005 -12165 -14325 -19320 Taxs of the gross revenues of machine A A A A 300 Cash Flow cyberspace ( Surplus-tax ) -67,000 23,345 28,385 33,425 45,380 Interest Paid So, involvement rate of 7 % the first twelvemonth, 6 % the 2nd twelvemonth and 5 % for the 3rd and 4th old ages. Interest Paid = Interest rate per twelvemonth X purchase monetary value ( Initial Outlay ) 1st twelvemonth: 7 % x 55,000 = 3,850 2nd twelvemonth: 6 % x 55,000 = 3,300 3rd twelvemonth: 5 % x 55,000 = 2,750 4th twelvemonth: 5 % x 55,000 = 2,750 Income Tax Income revenue enhancement = per centum of income revenue enhancement A- ( Surplus Per twelvemonth ) 1st twelvemonth: 30 % x 33,350 = RM 10,005 2nd twelvemonth: 30 % x 40,550 = RM 12,165 3rd twelvemonth: 30 % x 47,750 = RM 14,325 4th twelvemonth: 30 % x 64,400 = RM 19,320 Present Value of Net hard currency flow After we get the Net hard currency flow, next we will seek for present value of each hard currency flow each twelvemonth to the present. 45,380 33,425 28,385 23,345 67,000 1st twelvemonth PV = Initial Outlay = 23,345 = 20,478.07 2nd twelvemonth PV = Initial Outlay = 28,385 = 21,841.34 3rd twelvemonth PV = Initial Outlay = 33,425 = 22,560.92 4th twelvemonth PV = Initial Outlay = 45,380 = 26,868.60 Net Present Value ( NPV ) : Undertaking DWDAE CO. , LTD A A A A Year 1 2 3 4 Net Cash Flow ( Surplus-tax ) -67,000 23,345 28,385 33,425 45,380 Present value of Cash Flow ( RM ) -67,000 20,478.07 21,841.34 22,560.92 26,868.6 = -67,000 + 20,478.07 + 21,841.34 + 22,560.92 + 26,868.60 = RM 24,749 Payback Time period: Undertaking DWDAE CO. , LTD A A A A Year 1 2 3 4 Cash Flow cyberspace ( Surplus-tax ) -67,000 23,345 28,385 33,425 45,380 Payback Period -67,000 -43,655 -15,270 18,155 A In Payback period It must be looked at the normal net hard currency flow 1st twelvemonth: -67,000 + 23,345 = -43,655 2nd twelvemonth: -43,655 + 28,385 = -15,270 3rd twelvemonth: -15, 270 + 33,425 = 18,155 ( Between twelvemonth 2 and twelvemonth 3 ) Payback period = 2 + -15270 = 2, 6768 twelvemonth 33,425 So its 2,6768 twelvemonth Discounted Payback Period: Undertaking DWDAE CO. , LTD A A A A Year 1 2 3 4 Present value of Cash Flow ( RM ) -67,000 20,478.07 21,841.34 22,560.92 26,868.6 Discounted Payback Period -67,000 -46,522 -24,681 -2,120 24,749 In Discounted Payback period It must be looked at the Present Value of Net hard currency flow 1st twelvemonth: -67,000 + 20,478.07 = -46,522 2nd twelvemonth: -46,522 + 21,841 = 24,681 3rd twelvemonth: -24,681 + 22,560.92 = -2,120 4th twelvemonth: -2,210 + 26,868.6 = 24,749 ( Between twelvemonth 3 and twelvemonth 4 ) Discounted Payback period = 3 + -2,120 = 3.0789 twelvemonth 26,868.60 So its 3.0789 twelvemonth Internal Rate of Return ( IRR ) -1,144 ( 30 % as rate in calculate PV ) 30 % ten 14 % 24,749 30 % Ten = -1,144 0 X 14 % 0 24,749 30 % ten = ( ten 14 % ) A- 0,00004622 0.3 ten = 0,00004622 x 0.000006471 0.3 + 0.000006471 = 0.00004622 ten + ten 0.300006471 = 1.00004622 ten X = 0.29986 IRR = 29.98 % Profitability Index Undertaking DWDAE CO. , LTD A A A A Year 1 2 3 4 Present value of Cash Flow ( RM ) -67,000 20478.07 21841.34 22560.92 26868.6 Profitability Index = PV of hard currency flows subsequent to intial investing Initial Investing Profitability index: 20,478.07 + 21,841.34 + 22,560.92 + 26,868.60 = 1.3694 67000 2. Project DWDAE Co. , Ltd WCHCME Co. , Ltd IRR 29.59 % 29.98 % Net nowadays value ( NPV ) 22,035 24,749 Payback period 2.6024 twelvemonth 2.6768 twelvemonth Discounted payback period 2.9576 twelvemonth 3.0789 twelvemonth Profitability index 1.4407 1.3694 Project WCHCME CO. , LTD. has more NPV comparison to project DWDAE Co. , Ltd. , even though it has a bit longer payback period. Since NPV method is preferred comparison to Payback period, we can reason that undertaking WCHCME Co. , Ltd is better than DWDAE Co. , Ltd. Of the rivals to NPV, IRR must be ranked above both payback and profitableness index. In fact, IRR ever reaches the same determination as NPV in the normal instance where the initial escapes of an independent investing undertaking are merely followed by a series of influxs. Based on the computation that we already done. We can reason that: WCHCME CO. , LTD. have more somewhat higher IRR and NPV than DWDAE CO. , LTD.. However, the payback period and discounted payback period in WCHCME CO. , LTD. have a greater clip line to payback their initial spending. Interestingly, profitableness index of DWDAE CO. , LTD. have greater value than WCHCME CO. , LTD.. Since this is a reciprocally sole undertakings, the profitableness index suffers from the graduated table job, which sometime besides suffered by IRR ( but in this instance IRR is non suffered ) . Although WCHCME CO. , LTD. holding greater cost than DWDAE CO. , LTD. , it besides provides a greater gross and increased in sum of gross. By all this affair, we conclude to take WCHCME CO. , LTD.. For the most match undertaking choosen.